Synthetic (silicone, organosilicon) caoutchouc

HO [-Si (CH3)2O-]nH
This type of rubber is derived from organic substances containing silicon. This produces high molecular weight compounds. Due to its strong chemical structure and high binding energy, Si-O provides the material with special performance characteristics. The binding energy between -Si-O-Si gives the material high thermal oxidation resistance. Manufacturers regularly improve the physicochemical properties of this innovative polymer. In order to increase frost resistance, they combine other technological components as a constituent part of a monomer in order to combine fluoro rubber with regular rubber.

Production of silicone caoutchouc
Special equipment, additives, and fillers are used in the production of silicone rubber. These are required to create a finished product with high performance characteristics. Some of the additives include: Stitching agents: Special peroxide crosslinking agents are used to harden the silicone rubber. Platinum catalysts may also be used. These substances make it possible to create mechanically stable silicone rubber that has a wide range of applications. Fillers: Pyrogenic silica and quartz are often used as fillers for silicone rubber. They provide excellent reinforcement and reinforcement properties. These fillers are used in the production of modified silicone rubber, which has high tensile strength and increased conductivity. Stabilizers: Special stabilizing ingredients are added to the silicone rubber to increase its heat resistance.Pigments and colors: If natural rubber is only available in black, silicone ones have a high level of transparency, allowing them to be colored in various shades. The choice of pigment depends on customer needs, and the color palette is endless. Flame retardants: These are special additives that are added to silicone rubber to increase its fire resistance. They include compounds such as copper, zinc, cerium, aluminum trihydrate, and carbon black.
The production process for silicone rubber depends on the desired characteristics of the final product. The steps may include: Rolling: This step involves mixing all the ingredients on two-rollers to ensure a uniform composition. Mixing: A closed rotary mixer is used for more thorough mixing, which allows for fine grinding of all the components.Calendering: At this stage, the prepared mixture is sent to calenders, which are multi-roll systems that pull and roll the rubber into thin ribbons. These ribbons are then conveniently cut into smaller pieces. Pressing: This stage of silicone rubber production not only involves the final formation of the product but also vulcanization, which makes the product durable and resilient. These are the main stages of silicone rubber production. In addition, there are also preparatory stages and additional operations that can be performed depending on the desired final properties of the product.

Properties of silicone caoutchouc
The main properties of silicone rubber include: Inertness. One of the main reasons for the high demand for silicone rubber is its chemical inertness. This material does not react chemically with most substances, making it suitable for use not only indoors but also in outdoor environments. Resistance to extreme temperatures. Silicone rubber can withstand temperatures ranging from -50 degrees to +300 degrees Celsius, maintaining its properties throughout this range. Resistance to external factors such as heat, direct sunlight, and ozone, which can cause aging in other materials. Organic rubber is susceptible to these factors due to carbon bonds, whereas silicone rubber is not. For this reason, silicone rubber is recommended for use in extreme conditions. High tensile strength, which is higher than that of natural materials.Elasticity and firmness: Silicone rubber significantly expands the range of applications. Long service life: High durability is guaranteed even under extreme conditions. Environmental friendliness: Silicone rubbers are non-toxic and do not contain solvents, making them environmentally friendly materials.
However, low tensile strength: Product development at low loads must be carried out with caution.

Main features of silicone caoutchouc
Materials based on SKTN are resistant to a wide range of temperatures: -60°C to +300°C. They have high elasticity, strength, hydrophobicity, and chemical inertia. They also have dielectric properties, vibration resistance, and resistance to various microorganisms, fungi, ozone, ultraviolet rays, and oxidants. They are physiologically inert, gas-tight, and hemocompatible. SKTN is easy to sterilize and has the ability to imitate soft human tissues compared to other bioinert materials used for implantation. It has identical density, viscosity, softness, and elasticity to organic silicone rubber. In comparison, SKTN is more reliable, durable, and economical in extreme conditions, making it ideal for use in various medical applications. It can also be easily recycled without the use of toxic solvents. Organosilicon rubber hardens at room temperature in the presence of cold vulcanization catalysts. It does not contain any toxic or solvent components.

Application of silicone caoutchouc
The versatility of silicone rubber is due to its high performance characteristics. It has a wide range of applications, including shoe and clothing manufacturing, as well as in construction, automotive manufacturing and medical equipment. Silicone rubber is resistant to temperature changes and oil, making it ideal for producing seals. Silicone rubber is not susceptible to corrosion and retains its flexibility at extreme temperatures. This makes it suitable for use in water heating systems, where it helps protect against freezing. In addition, silicone rubber is hygienic and resistant to chemicals, making it suitable for medical devices where pathogen control is important.Sealing of building elements, sealing of seams, pipelines and facades. One of the properties of rubber is its ability to withstand high temperatures and humidity levels. Production of vibration, electrical, moisture and thermal insulation seals for various devices and mechanisms. Production of monolithic cast compounds, sealants, impregnation materials and other coatings with wide operating temperature ranges and dielectric properties. Production of rubber compounds with high hydrophobicity and resistance to external environmental influences. Creation of seals for vibration, electrical, thermal and moisture insulation. Production of gaskets, fillings and other parts for devices and mechanisms. Manufacture of sports shoes, clothing, equipment and automobile parts.Silicone rubbers are also used in the production of medical equipment, food storage containers, and even underwear.
The safety, resistance to external influences, and high degree of elasticity of this material make it suitable for a wide range of applications.

Vulcanization of silicone caoutchouc
Vulcanization is a chemical process that involves the reaction of silicone rubber with a vulcanizing agent, typically at a temperature of around 280 degrees Celsius. This process is carried out in large, horizontal vulcanizers equipped with steam jackets. Another method of vulcanizing silicone rubber is through the use of dry heat. In this method, special substances are added to accelerate the process and prevent the release of sulfur on the surface of the rubber product. This method may also involve immersing the rubber in hot water or using steam under pressure. For vulcanizing hoses, insulation, and other rubber products, organic peroxides are often used. These peroxides decompose at specific temperatures, helping to complete the vulcanization process.
An alternative method using a platinum catalyst can also be used for the vulcanization of silicone compounds. In this process, the final rubber product is produced with the highest possible level of safety and non-toxicity, which significantly expands its range of applications. The vulcanization reaction must be carried out at consistently high temperatures. If the vulcanization is intermittent, it is essential to ensure adequate air supply, followed by a cooling process.

Silicone emulsions

Silicone emulsions are a type of material that is based on organosilicon compounds, which are present in the form of resins. These materials have a wide range of applications, and are used in various construction and repair projects both inside and outside buildings. The main advantages of silicone emulsion materials are their low toxicity and safety, as well as their ability to be easily applied and cured. They are also resistant to water and chemicals, making them ideal for use in damp or wet environments.
Silicone emulsion materials typically consist of three main components: water, resin, and organic particles. Acrylic copolymers are often added to the mixture to enhance its properties. The absence of toxic substances makes these materials safe for use, both indoors and outdoors.

Advantages of silicone emulsions:
A wide range of colors. Thanks to the use of colors, the emulsion can be customized to any desired shade. Versatility when working with various types of surfaces. Silicone emulsions can be applied to both indoor and outdoor surfaces. Durability and resistance to various types of influences, such as temperature, moisture, and mechanical stress. Easy application and operation. Easy cleaning. In addition to these advantages, silicone emulsions offer the following benefits: Moisture resistance. Vapor resistance. Heat resistance. Elasticity. Resistance to ultraviolet rays. Excellent aesthetic properties. Resistance to the development of microorganisms.
Areas of application:
The main areas where silicone emulsions are used are construction and repair work. They can be used for decorative surface finishing and effective protection of plastered, insulated, and lined surfaces.Silicone emulsions are also used in interior decoration. They help create durable coatings that can withstand moisture and have excellent aesthetic qualities.

Silicone rubber for molding and extrusion

Silicone rubbers are resistant to a wide range of substances, including sea and fresh water, solutions of salts and acids, alcohols and phenols, mineral oils, fuels, and hydrogen peroxide. They are also resistant to ozone, making them ideal for use in the electrical industry. At temperatures above 100 degrees Celsius, silicone rubbers outperform traditional elastomers in terms of insulation properties. When they are burned, a nonconductive layer of SiO2 remains, preserving their insulating properties. Because silicone rubbers have low adhesion, they are often used to create adhesive layers, molds, and coatings for conveyor belts and shafts in the textile and glass industries. Hot glass blanks are also transported on silicone rubber rollers in the glass industry.The physiological inertness and non-toxicity of silicone rubber make it suitable for use in medicine and the food industry. In medicine, one of the main advantages of silicone rubber is that it can be sterilized using hot air (up to 200 degrees Celsius) or steam.

Most of the properties of silicone rubbers remain practically unchanged with changes in temperature. Unlike traditional rubbers, their properties do not change significantly under the influence of light or air. When silicone rubbers are stored in water, there are only minor changes in their electrical properties. Because of these qualities, silicone rubbers have a wide range of applications and can be used in various industries.
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